Percepcija različitih psihičkih bolesti kod oboljelih i članova njihovih obitelji

Majdančić, Ana. (2018). Percepcija različitih psihičkih bolesti kod oboljelih i članova njihovih obitelji. Specialist Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of Psychology.
(Specijalistički studij kliničke psihologije) [mentor Kamenov, Željka].

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Abstract

The most famous theory which explains the patient's illness is Leventhal's model of self-regulation. Using this model, aim of this study is to examine how certain mental illnesses are perceived by the patients and members of their families and to what extent their perception is related to adaptation to a particular disease. A total of 160 patients with a diagnosis of depression, schizophrenia and PTSD and 80 members of their families participated in this study. Using the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) a quantitative assessment of the disease experience was considered; taking into account the Leventhal model of self-regulation. In order to obtain a more detailed insight into the illness experience, two focus groups with each group of patients (depresion, schizophrenia, PTSP) were included. The results indicated that all three groups of patients described their disease as chronic with an emphasis on pharmacotherapy. A larger number of depressive symptoms was associated with perception of smaller number of symptoms, less controllability by treatment and chronic timeline of depression. Patients with depression perceived depression as more controllable by treatment and in person then patients with PTSD, but less then patients with schizophrenia. In this study, sch patients emphasize significantly more symptoms and perceive higher possibility of control through treatment and the possibility of personal control of the disease. Patients with PTSD compared to other two groups are prone to perceive significantly more consequences of the disease and show the lowest outcome when it comes to the possibility of controlling the disease (both in treatment and in person). Our study has shown, in case of patients, that greater perception of treatment control leads to better understanding of the disease and better emotional adaptation to the disease. Also, greater perception of consequences leads to poor emotional adaptation. Family members recognized significantly more consequences of the disease in relation to the patients and were less emotionally affected by the disease. In family members as a predictor of a emotional adaptation to the disease significant factor was duration of the disease (poorer emotional adaptation is associated with perception of the disease as chronic). Also, higher perception of personal and treatment control was detected in family members of PTSD patients, while family members of sch patients had shown better understanding of the disease. The results of this study point to the difference in perception of illness among the patients and their family members. These differences can significantly contribute to further planning of psychoeducation, support groups for patients and their family members.

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