: The Development of Ottoman Journalism in the Period of Europeanisation

Garibović, Kristina. (2018). : The Development of Ottoman Journalism in the Period of Europeanisation. Diploma Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of Hungarian, Turkish and Jewish Language and Literature > Chair of Turkish Language and Literature. [mentor Abadžić Navaey, Azra and Kursar, Vjeran].

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Abstract

Ottoman journlism of the period of Europeanisation is described in this thesis. Ottoman journalism emerged in 1831 when the first official newspaper of the Empire, Takvim-i Vekayi, was published. The model by which Takvim-i Vekayi was made were French publications published in Istanbul and Izmir. During the first 30 years of Ottoman journalism there were only official newspapers that were published in accordance with the wishes of the authorities. However, in 1860 the situation changed because a group of intellectuals appeared and they started to question and criticize the Ottoman authorities. The newspapers also gained an educative role in that period and became a platform for spreading liberal, European ideas. The rule of Sultan Abdulhamid II. (1876-1909) marked the beginning of a new period in which censorship increased. Censorship stopped the development of opinion journalism that began in the second phase and the newspapers once again became tools in the hands of the authorities. However, not all newspapers were the tools of Ottoman authorities, but most turned to other topics such as literature and science.

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