Vinšćak, Maks.
(2013).
Influence of question suggestibility and type of materials on construction of false memories.
Diploma Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of Psychology.
[mentor Vranić, Andrea].
Abstract
False memories are episodic memory errors. People complement gaps in memory with their own schemes that are assumptions about a particular event. People construct their own memory, linking different aspects of an event, and filling in the gaps that have been forgotten or simply not perceived with their own schemes, which leads to false memories. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of question suggestibility and the type of materials (video clip, image sequence) on the number of false memories and self-evaulation of confidence in their own memories. The study was conducted with a sample of 121 students from the Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Cultural Anthropology. Two ANOVA analysis of variance were conducted. The first analysis of variance had type of questions (suggestive/ non-suggestive) and type of material (video clip/image sequence) as independent variables and the number of false memories as the dependent variable. It was found that the participants who observed sequence of images had a higher number of false memories (F=4.948 (1/119); p <0.05) and non-suggestive questions increased the number of false memories (F=5.409 (1/119); p<0.05). It seems that non-suggsestive questions increased the number of false memories because of their generality. The second analysis of variance showed that types of questions (suggestive/non-suggestive) and type of material (video clip/image sequence) did not affect the self-evaluation of confidence in their answers, and confidence has proven to be a complex variable that is likely influenced by personality and motivational factors.
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