Procjena razabirljivosti govora trogodišnjaka

Fabek, Marija. (2015). Procjena razabirljivosti govora trogodišnjaka. Diploma Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of Phonetics. [mentor Tomić, Diana].

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Abstract

This paper deals with parental, teacher and expert assessment of speech intelligibility concerning children at the age of three. It is composed of theoretical and experimental part. The theoretical part is concerned with the development of speech with a detailed description of phonological development between the age 3;0 to 4;0. As an important part, historical overview of studies on gender differences is presented. Pronunciation is developed with the maturation of the articulator and the mastering of phonological rules. Different measures of intelligibility determine whether the level of a certain sound is in accordance with age. Intelligibility refers to recognition or identification of words and sounds within them. In the experimental part of the research, speech intelligibility research was carried out on a sample of 60 participants, 30 boys and an equal number of girls. The research is consisted of two parts. In the first part, teachers and parents were given a questionnaire to assess the intelligibility of their child's speech. Given the fact that parents and teachers spend the most of their time with the child, their opinion is a valuable input and is considered to be very important. Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS) has been translated into the Croatian language as a part of the international project (details are available on http://www.csu.edu.au/research/multilingual-speech/ics). The parent or teacher assess whether the child's speech is intelligible to them and their environment (members of immediate and extended family, child's friends, other acquaintances and strangers). In the second part of the research, phonological development was assessed in a picture-naming task. The collected material has been transcribed and the phonological development assessed. 31 sounds were tested. According to the results of the study, in a speech of children aged three there are 68% developed phonemes, 64% developed consonants and 99% developed vocals. Comparing percentages of speech intelligibility in teacher and parental assessment with the PPC measure used in expert assessment, it is concluded that teacher and parental assessment is less critical. The results obtained in further assessment of the sound development indicate on developed vocals, semivowels (/v/, /j/), plosives (except for the sounds /d/ and /g/), nasals (/m/ and /n/ are developed), partially developed fricatives (/f/ and /x/ are developed) and underdeveloped affricates, lateral approximants, trill /r/ and syllabic /ṛ/ at the age of three. The groups of sounds percentage of intelligibility is associated with the order of their occurrence in a speech which corresponds to appearance of phonological progression. This research combines the parental, teacher and expert assessment of children's speech. The results of the research show pronunciation development and intelligibility at the age of three.

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