Sociološka analiza postsovjetskog feminizma u suvremenoj ruskoj kulturi

Mučnjak, Jelena Antonija. (2015). Sociološka analiza postsovjetskog feminizma u suvremenoj ruskoj kulturi. Diploma Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of East Slavic Languages and Literature
Department of Sociology. [mentor Peruško, Ivana and Galić, Branka].

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Abstract

The theme of this thesis is, as the title says, the post-Soviet feminism in contemporary russian culture, analyzed from a sociological point of view. The paper begins with a brief introduction to the history of feminism since the creation of the USSR. The Soviet model of feminism is based on equal opportunities for women and men and their actions directed in favor of the worship of the state, although officially feminism as an organized social movement did not exist in public. The second chapter briefly describes the primary changes in the lives of women in the transition years, and they include economic and political change, a transformation of the dominant value system, based on collectivism, and the individual value system. Economic changes include an increase in unemployment, the development of the black market, reducing salaries, unequal pay for men and women, increasing poverty and so on. The transition triggered the transformation of the family and the role of women in the family. Motherhood became a private institution and responsibility, fathers are involved in the family, the state does not interfere. Women's health became relatively worse, maternal mortality in childbirth has increased and life expectancy became shorter. The sixth chapter describes women in political life, in which the main problem is the under-representation of women in politics. Investigations of sexual politics in Russia show that young people started early march in sexual relations, the spread of sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS, although young people are well informed about contraception, and the topic of sex education is negatively accepted by the public. Regarding violence against women, it has been shown that the low status of women in Russia is marked by high levels of sexual abuse, beatings and sexual assault, which favors the development of trafficking in women and the sex industry in Russia. Gender Research in Russia operate on multiple levels and thereby give a complex picture of reality that is hard to be reduced to a common set of consistent factors. The reasons why the contemporary Russian women are uninterested in feminism are listed in all sections of the paper. The position of women is greatly transformed after the collapse of the Soviet Union, but is still under impact of patriarchal ideology, both in the field of feminist theory and gender studies, as well as in private and public life of women.

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