Plazibat, Ivona.
(2017).
Characteristics and permanent elements of tropaea: Illyric examples.
Diploma Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of History.
[mentor Kuntić-Makvić, Bruna].
Abstract
The four examined reliefs are showing anthropomorphic primary tropaea, where the gradual development from traces of realism to absolute symbolism can be observed. The constant general elements of the tropaea in all of the examples are timber as a central piece of the composition, as well as the elements of the warrior equipment which are anchored on the timber associating the body of the defeated opponent where the armor, body tunic or the hat (helmet) on top are displayed at the midpoint. The analysis of the anthropomorphic tropaea demonstration on the monument from the roman province Dalmatia are indicating that in the four Illyrian examples constant basic components of such temporary roman monuments are present: timber, armor and a head covering. In the three examples the essential composition has been expanded by the usual decorative program which is occurring on the displays of the tropaea elsewhere in the roman world, such as on the Temple of Apollo Sosianus where the triumphed procession is presented. There are certain elements that can be distinguished in all four examples, which could be specific and connected with Illyrian part of the Roman Empire. Most of the elements are located on the tropaea displayed at the Gardun fragment. Next to the fragment there are no extraordinary human beings, whereas people – barbarians – are presented in more details. The tropaea on the Vis statue is surrounded by both, people and goddesses. There are also elements for which it can be assumed are regional, but not as specific. It could be assumed that the statue is suggesting a specific military success, but not the same as it is presented on the Gardun fragment tropaea. The last two displays are almost exclusively linked to the universal accomplishment under the Roman Empire. The analysis of the monuments has shown that the examples from the Illyrian period are fitting in the common understandings about the tropaea; respectively the Illyrian examples can be allied to the common roman standards of that time. The general attribute of the roman civilization is to integrate and convey ethical and regional civilizational specificities. Illyrian examples confirm that as well.
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