Karuza, Hana.
(2019).
Study and Test Modality Congruency as a Determinant of False Memories.
Diploma Thesis. Filozofski fakultet u Zagrebu, Department of Psychology.
[mentor Vranić, Andrea].
Abstract
False memories are errors in episodic memory and can be defined as memories of events that have never happened or distorted memories of events that have taken place.
The most common way of investigating false memories is by using the DRM (Deese- Roediger-McDermott) paradigm, which involves learning lists of semantically related
words. In the DRM paradigm, false memores are defined as the number of incorrect recognitions or recalls of words that are associatively connected to the words on the
lists, but are not a part of them. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of congruency of study and test modality on false and true memories rate in the DRM
paradigm. A within-subjects experimental design (2x2) was used, with study modality and test modality as independent variables with two levels: visual and auditory.
Recognition method was used for memory testing. For the study, twelve 15-words lists with corresponding lists for recognition were constructed using the free association
norms in the Croatian language. Two two-way ANOVAs were conducted: one with false recognitions as the dependent variable, and the other with correct recognitions as
the dependent variable. The results showed that the congruency of study and test modality did not affect either the false recognition rate or the correct recognition rate.
The effect of modality was found only for correct recognitions: their rate was higher for visual testing than for auditory testing.
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